Up-Regulation of PD-L1, IDO, and Tregs in the Melanoma Tumor Microenvironment Is Driven by CD8+ T Cells

Explore this paper's citation graph

Summary

The results argue that these major immunosuppressive pathways are intrinsically driven by the immune system rather than being orchestrated by cancer cells, and imply that cancer immunotherapy approaches targeting negative regulatory immune checkpoints might be preferentially beneficial for patients with a preexisting T cell–inflamed tumor microenvironment.

Type
article
Published
2013-08-28
Cited by
1,660
References
61
Access
Open access

Keywords

Tumor microenvironment, FOXP3, Immune system, Cytotoxic T cell, Immunotherapy

References

Cited by

Related papers