The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs.
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Summary
The research and development costs of 68 randomly selected new drugs were obtained from a survey of 10 pharmaceutical firms and used to estimate the average pre-tax cost of new drug development.
- Type
- article
- Published
- 2003-03-01
- Cited by
- 4,280
- References
- 35
- Access
- Open access
- OpenAlex
- https://openalex.org/W2121175754
- Semantic Scholar
- https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:428864
Keywords
Business, Point (geometry), Total cost, Economics, Actuarial science
References
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- Stocks, bonds, bills, and inflation yearbook
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- The New Drug Approvals of 1996, 1997, & 1998: Drug Development Trends in The User Fee Era
- Returns to R&D on new drug introductions in the 1980s.
- Issues in pharmaceutical economics
- Risks in new drug development: Approval success rates for investigational drugs
- New drug development in the United States from 1963 to 1999
- Research and development costs for new drugs by therapeutic category. A study of the US pharmaceutical industry.
- New Drug Innovation and Pharmaceutical Industry Structure: Trends in the Output of Pharmaceutical Firms
- Measuring the Pace of New Drug Development in the User Fee ERA
- A New Look at the Returns and Risks to Pharmaceutical R&D
- New biopharmaceuticals in the USA: trends in development and marketing approvals 1995-1999.
- Cost of innovation in the pharmaceutical industry.
- Drug development: improving the process.
- Intangible Capital and Rates of Return
- The Pharmaceutical Industry
- The New Drug Approvals of 1996, 1997, and 1998: Drug Development Trends in the User Fee Era
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- Imatinib mesylate for melanoma: will a new target be revealed?
- Role of pharmacoeconomic analysis in R&D decision making
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- New Financing Methods in the Biopharma Industry: A Case Study of Royalty Pharma, Inc.
- Applying the concepts of financial options to stimulate vaccine development
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