The Majority of in vitro Macrophage Activation Exhibited by Extracts of some Immune Enhancing Botanicals is Due to Bacterial Lipoproteins and Lipopolysaccharide

Keywords

Lipopolysaccharide, Immune system, Macrophage, Polymyxin B, Biology

References

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Cited by

• Structure Dependent-Immunomodulation by Sugar Beet Arabinans via a SYK Tyrosine Kinase-Dependent Signaling PathwayRichard J. Bonnie, Mary Ellen O’Connell, Prevent UnderageDrinking — 2018
• The TLR2 agonist in polysaccharide-K is a structurally distinct lipid which acts synergistically with the protein-bound β-glucanKenneth Quayle, Catherine M. Coy, Leanna J. Standish — 2014
• Echinacea pupurea extracts modulate murine dendritic cell fate and functionJenna M. Benson, Amanda J. Pokorny, Ava Rhule — 2010
• Characterization and pharmacological properties of in vitro propagated clones of Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) SmallRita M. Moraes, Hemant Lata, Joko Sumyanto — 2011
• Total bacterial load within Echinacea purpurea, determined using a new PCR-based quantification method, is correlated with LPS levels and in vitro macrophage activityNirmal D. Pugh, Colin R. Jackson, David S. Pasco — 2012
• Effect of Broccoli Sprouts and Live Attenuated Influenza Virus on Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells: A Randomized, Double-Blind StudyLoretta Müller, Megan Meyer, Rebecca N. Bauer — 2016
• The Role of Endophytic/Epiphytic Bacterial Constituents in the Immunostimulatory Activity of the Botanical, Astragalus membranaceusHeather Koehler, Keely Puchalski, Guillermo Ruíz-Carrascoso — 2020
• Pharmacological Role of Biosynthetic ProductsJibira Yakubu, Paul Atawuchugi — 2021

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