Metalearners for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects using machine learning
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Summary
A metalearner, the X-learner, is proposed, which can adapt to structural properties, such as the smoothness and sparsity of the underlying treatment effect, and is shown to be easy to use and to produce results that are interpretable.
- Type
- article
- Published
- 2017-06-12
- Cited by
- 1,356
- References
- 65
- Access
- Open access
- OpenAlex
- https://openalex.org/W2624816748
- Semantic Scholar
- https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:73455742
Keywords
Smoothness, Estimator, Computer science, Machine learning, Treatment effect
References
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- Is There Backlash to Social Pressure? A Large-scale Field Experiment on Voter Mobilization
- Optimal Global Rates of Convergence for Nonparametric Regression
- Agnostic notes on regression adjustments to experimental data: Reexamining Freedman's critique
- Covariate adjustment for two-sample treatment comparisons in randomized clinical trials: A principled yet flexible approach
- Bayesian Nonparametric Modeling for Causal Inference
- ROOT-N-CONSISTENT SEMIPARAMETRIC REGRESSION
- Generating random correlation matrices based on vines and extended onion method
- Modeling Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Survey Experiments with Bayesian Additive Regression Trees
- BART: Bayesian Additive Regression Trees
- Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies.
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- Bayesian regression tree models for causal inference: regularization, confounding, and heterogeneous effects
- Learning Objectives for Treatment Effect Estimation
- A Minimax Surrogate Loss Approach to Conditional Difference Estimation
- A Semiparametric Approach to Model Effect Modification
- Representation Balancing MDPs for Off-Policy Policy Evaluation
- Improving pairwise comparison models using Empirical Bayes shrinkage
- Local Linear Forests
- Transfer Learning for Estimating Causal Effects using Neural Networks
- Interval Estimation of Individual-Level Causal Effects Under Unobserved Confounding
- Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation through Deep Learning
- Machine learning estimation of heterogeneous causal effects: Empirical Monte Carlo evidence
- Causaltoolbox—Estimator Stability for Heterogeneous Treatment Effects
- Quasi-oracle estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects
- Machine Learning Analysis of Heterogeneity in the Effect of Student Mindset Interventions
- Inferring Heterogeneous Causal Effects in Presence of Spatial Confounding
- Classifying Treatment Responders Under Causal Effect Monotonicity
- Orthogonal Statistical Learning
- High-dimensional semi-supervised learning: in search for optimal inference of the mean
- Estimating Treatment Effects with Causal Forests: An Application
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